武夷山喊山是武夷山茶文化中一种古老的祭祀风俗，体现了当地茶人对自然的敬畏和对茶叶丰收的祈愿。以下是详细介绍：
历史渊源
武夷山喊山习俗最早可追溯至元代。元至顺二年（1331 年），武夷岩茶成为朝廷贡品，管辖崇安县的建宁府总管在专为皇家焙茶的御茶园的通仙井之畔建了 “喊山台”，山上还建了 “喊山寺”，用于供奉茶神。每年惊蛰之日，御茶园的官吏偕同当地县令带领做茶的隶卒，亲自登临喊山台，祭祀茶神，乞求神灵庇护来年风调雨顺，茶叶丰收，武夷茶农喊山的古老祭神仪式便源于此。
仪式流程及内容
祭祀时间：每年惊蛰前后，各山头都会举办隆重的喊山仪式，在 “谷雨” 前后进行开山采茶等活动。
祭祀流程：古时，地方官员会率领御茶园官吏及茶园员工，前往喊山台，供以三牲、酒馔，点香燃烛，顶礼膜拜，宣读祭文。如今，在九龙窠等主会场，会有非遗传承人、茶企代表等参与祭茶祈福，他们怀揣虔诚之心，面向茶山齐声高呼 “茶发芽啰”，以唤醒沉睡的茶树，表达对自然馈赠的感恩以及敬畏。
文化意义
2021 年 10 月，“喊山祭茶” 民俗被列入南平市第九批市级非物质文化遗产项目名录。它不仅是武夷山茶文化的重要组成部分，承载着茶人对大自然的敬畏和感恩，凝聚着他们对茶业发展的美好期许，也为做强茶产业增添了信心与动力，推动着武夷茶文化的传承与弘扬。
下面文字是AI翻译：
Wuyi Mountain Shouting Mountain is an ancient sacrificial custom in Wuyi camellia culture, reflecting the local tea people’s reverence for nature and their prayer for a good tea harvest. Here’s a closer look:
Historical origins
The custom of shouting mountains in Wuyi Mountain can be traced back to the Yuan Dynasty. In the second year of Yuan Zhishun (1331), Wuyi rock tea became a tribute to the imperial court, and the governor of Jianning Prefecture, who had jurisdiction over Chong’an County, built a “Shouting Mountain Terrace” on the side of Tongxianjing, which was dedicated to the imperial tea garden for royal roasted tea, and also built a “Shouting Mountain Temple” on the mountain to worship the tea god. Every year on the day of awakening, the officials of the imperial tea garden, together with the local county magistrate, led the servants who made tea, personally climbed the Shouting Mountain Terrace, worshipped the tea god, and begged the gods to protect the weather and rain in the coming year, and the tea harvest was abundant.
Ceremony process and content
Sacrifice time: Every year before and after the awakening, each mountain will hold a grand mountain shouting ceremony, and activities such as opening the mountain and picking tea before and after the “valley rain” will be carried out.
Sacrifice process: In ancient times, local officials would lead the officials of the imperial tea garden and the tea garden staff to shout the mountain platform, offer three animals, wine and food, light incense and candles, worship, and read the sacrificial text. Nowadays, in the main venues such as Kowloon Nest, there will be intangible cultural heritage inheritors, tea company representatives, etc. to participate in the tea sacrifice and prayer, and they will shout “tea sprouting” in unison to the tea mountains with a pious heart, so as to awaken the sleeping tea trees and express their gratitude and awe for the gifts of nature.
Cultural significance
In October 2021, the folk customs of “Shouting Mountain Sacrificial Tea” were included in the ninth batch of municipal intangible cultural heritage projects in Nanping City. It is not only an important part of Wuyi camellia culture, carrying the awe and gratitude of tea people to nature, embodying their beautiful expectations for the development of the tea industry, but also adding confidence and motivation to strengthening the tea industry, and promoting the inheritance and promotion of Wuyi tea culture.
